Do I need to drill holes in my bumper or frame to install this?

No drilling required. This bar mounts directly at factory attachment points on the frame and rocker area. You'll use the existing holes and bolt holes already there.

What hardware do I need to bolt this on?

Mounting hardware is not included with the bar assembly. You'll need to source bolts, washers, and lock nuts that match your vehicle's factory attachment specs — check your owner's manual or service documentation for torque specs and bolt sizing.

Can I paint over the black powder coat, or do I need to prep it first?

The powder coat is a sealed finish. If you want to paint over it, light scuff with 150–220 grit sandpaper, wipe clean, and prime before painting. Skipping prep will cause paint adhesion issues down the road.