Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) is a common lower urinary tract disease in cats, characterized by bladder inflammation and difficulty urinating. The specific cause of this condition is unknown, but it may be related to a variety of factors, including psychological stress, diet, lifestyle, and genetics.

Key symptoms:
• Dysuria: Your cat experiences pain or difficulty urinating.
• Frequent urination: Your cat experiences frequent urination but produces small amounts of urine each time. • Hematuria: Blood may be present in the urine.
• Inappropriate urination: Your cat may urinate in inappropriate locations.

Causes of Feline Idiopathic Cystitis (FIC) include:
• Low activity level (sedentary lifestyle)
• Feeding a primarily dry diet
• Neutered cats    
• Multi-cat households
• Indoor living
• Obesity
Therefore, reducing your cat's stress and controlling its weight are very important in managing FIC.

Product Features and Main Ingredients
: Calmurofel® is a comprehensive urinary tract health supplement:

 - Forms a protective layer of the urinary tract.
The bladder lining is primarily composed of a layer of mucosal surface GAGs. The main component of these GAGs is chondroitin sulfate, which accounts for approximately one-third of the total. The remainder is composed of mucopolysaccharides such as dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate. These GAGs are easily lost in the urine depending on age and physical condition, and must be replenished regularly to maintain their integrity.
Calmurofel® directly provides GAGs such as mucopolysaccharide-protecting chondroitin (MPS protect CS), glucosamine, and hyaluronic acid to help repair the urinary bladder lining and reduce the risk of damage to urinary epithelial cells, reducing their exposure to pathogens and helping to relieve pain and inflammation.

 - Reduces stress and anxiety responses.
When faced with external stress, cats secrete excessive amounts of norepinephrine, the stress hormone, which exacerbates inflammation and causes pain. L-tryptophan (3C440) in Calmurofel® is an essential amino acid and a precursor to serotonin. It helps synthesize serotonin, a neurotransmitter that promotes relaxation and improves mood. For anxious and stressed cats, L-tryptophan can help improve mood and reduce anxious behaviors.

- Weight Management:
Obesity is a high risk factor for lower urinary tract problems in cats, which is associated with high blood levels of leptin. Leptin is a hormone secreted by fat cells and is involved in weight regulation. Calmurofel®'s patented formula contains Oralvisc® hyaluronic acid, which has been shown to lower blood leptin levels, inhibit fat accumulation, and help obese cats manage their weight.

Instructions for use
are for the following situations:
• Elderly cats with decreased activity levels
• Neutered cats
• Multi-cat households
• Indoor cats
• Obese cats
• Cats on a dry food diet
• Cats who are reluctant to drink water
• Cats with chronic/sudden stress
• Cats with urinary tract stone surgery

Directions for use
 Calmurofel® capsules can be taken whole or opened and the contents sprinkled on food. Daily dosing is recommended for at least 15 days:

Body weight / daily dose
 < 3 kg / 1
 > 3 kg / 2

 When the desired effect is achieved, the following dosing guidelines are recommended to continue maintaining your cat's health:
 Body weight / daily dose
 < 3 kg / 1 (take every other day)
 > 3 kg / 1

Active ingredients (per capsule)
 • L-tryptophan (3c440): 37,5 mg
 • Glucosamine HCl: 125 mg
 • Chondroitin Sulfate CsBioactive®: 20 mg
 • Oralvisc® (Hyaluronic Acid): 10 mg
 • Bovine and porcine gelatin: 59.78 mg
 • Flavouring ingredients
 • Magnesium stearate

Packaging specifications
 • Calmurofel® Urinary Tract Care Supplement Capsules (30 capsules) (for cats only)
 • Calmurofel® Urinary Tract Care Supplement Capsules (120 capsules) (for cats only)